SYMBOLS AND PROFESSIONS OF FAITH
THE APOSTLES' CREED
(DATE UNKNOWN)
I believe in God, the Father Almighty, Creator of heaven and earth; and in Jesus Christ, His only Son, Our Lord; Who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried. He descended into hell; the third day He rose again from the dead; He ascended into heaven, sitteth at the right hand of God, the Father Almighty; from thence He shall come to judge the living and the dead. I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Holy Catholic Church, the communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and life everlasting. Amen.
THE DER-BALIZEH PAPYRUS
(C. LATE 2nd CENTURY AD)
I believe in God, the Father almighty, and in His only-begotten Son, Jesus Christ, and in the Holy Spirit, and in the resurrection of the flesh, and in the Holy Catholic Church.
THE CREED OF ST. IRENAEUS OF LYONS (Against Heresies 1,
10, 1)
(C. 180 AD)
For the Church, although dispersed throughout the whole world even to the ends of the earth, has received from the Apostles and from their disciples the faith in one God, Father Almighty, the Creator of heaven and earth and sea and all that is in them; and in one Jesus Christ, the Son of God who became flesh for our salvation; and in the Holy Spirit, who announced through the prophets the dispensations and the comings, and the birth from a Virgin, and the passion, and the resurrection from the dead, and the bodily ascension into heaven in the glory of the Father to re-establish all things; and the raising up again of all flesh of all humanity, in order that to Jesus Christ our Lord and God and Savior and King, in accord with the approval of the invisible Father, every knee shall bend of those in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and that every tongue shall confess Him, and that He may make just judgment of them all; and that He may send the spiritual forces of wickedness and the angels who transgressed and became apostates, and the impious, unjust, lawless and blasphemous amongst men, into everlasting fire; and that He may grant life, immortality, and surround with eternal glory the just and the holy, and those who have kept His commands and who have persevered in His love, either from the beginning or from their repentance.
THE CREED OF TERTULLIAN (Against Praxeas 2, 1)
(Post 213 AD)
We do indeed believe that there is only one God; but we believe that under this dispensation...there is also a Son of this one only God, His Word, who proceeded from Him and through whom all things were made and without whom nothing was made. We believe that He was sent by the Father into a Virgin and was born of her, God and man, Son of man and Son of God, and was called by the name Jesus Christ. We believe that He suffered and that, in accord with the Scriptures, He died and was buried; and that He was raised again by the Father to resume His place in heaven, sitting at the right of the Father; and that He will come to judge the living and the dead. We believe that He sent down from the Father, in accord with His own promise, the Holy Spirit, the Paraclete, the Sanctifier of the faith of those who believe in the Father and in the Son and in the Holy Spirit...That this rule of faith has been current since the beginning of the Gospel, before even the earlier heretics, - much more then, before Praxeas, who was but of yesterday...
THE APOSTOLIC TRADITION OF HIPPOLYTUS
(C. 215-217 AD)
Do you believe in God, the Father almighty?
Do you believe in Jesus Christ, the Son of God, who was born of the Virgin Mary by the Holy Spirit, has been crucified under Pontius Pilate, died [and was buried], who, on the third day rose again, alive, from the dead, ascended into heaven and took His seat at the right hand of the Father, and shall come to judge the living and the dead?
Do you believe in the Holy Church and the resurrection of the body in the Holy Spirit?'
THE SYMBOL OF ST. AMBROSE
(PRE 397 AD)
I believe in God, the Father almighty, and in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord, who was born of the Virgin Mary by the Holy Spirit, who suffered under Pontius Pilate, died and was buried. On the third day He rose again from the dead. He ascended into heaven, and is seated at the right hand of the Father, wherefrom He shall come to judge the living and the dead. And in the Holy Spirit, the Holy Church, the forgiveness of sins and the resurrection of the body.
THE SYMBOL OF RUFINUS
(C. 404 AD)
I believe in God, the Father almighty, invisible and impassible, and in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord, who was born of the Virgin Mary by the Holy Spirit, was crucified under Pontius Pilate and was buried. He went down to the dead. On the third day He rose again from the dead. He ascended into heaven, and is seated at the right hand of the Father. From there He shall come to judge the living and the dead. And in the Holy Spirit, the Holy Church, the forgiveness of sins and the resurrection of the body.
THE SYMBOL OF EUSEBIUS
(325 AD)
We believe in one God, the Father almighty, the maker of all things visible and invisible. And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the Word of God, God from God, light from light, Life from Life, the only-begotten Son, first born of all creation, begotten from the Father before all ages, through whom all things were made. For our salvation He became flesh and lived as a man, He suffered and rose again on the third day and ascended to the Father. He shall come again in glory to judge the living and the dead. We believe also in one Holy Spirit.
SYMBOL OF THE FIRST GENERAL COUNCIL OF NICAEA
(325 AD)
We believe in one God, the Father almighty, maker of all things, visible and invisible. And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, the only-begotten generated from the Father, that is, from the being of the Father, God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God, begotten, not made, one in being with the Father, through whom all things were made, those in heaven and those on earth. For us men and for our salvation He came down, and became flesh, was made man, suffered, and rose again on the third day. He ascended to the heavens and shall come again to judge the living and the dead. And in the Holy Spirit.
As for those who say: "There was a time when He was not" and "Before being begotten He was not", and who declare that He was made from nothing, or that the Son of God is from a different substance or being, that is, created or subject to change and alteration, such persons the Catholic Church condemns.
THE SYMBOL OF CYRIL OF JERUSALEM
(C. 348 AD)
We believe in one God, the Father almighty, maker of heaven and earth, of all things visible and invisible. And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, generated from the Father, true God before all the ages, through whom all things were made. He [came down, became flesh and] was made man, was crucified [and buried]. He rose again [from the dead] on the third day, and ascended to the heavens, and took His seat at the right hand of the Father. He shall come in glory to judge the living and the dead; to His Kingdom there will be no end. And in one Holy Spirit, the Paraclete, who has spoken in the prophets, and in one baptism of conversion for the forgiveness of sins, and in one Holy and Catholic Church, and in the resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting.
THE SYMBOL OF EPIPHANIUS
(374 AD)
We believe in one God, the Father almighty, maker of heaven and earth, of all things visible and invisible. And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, generated from the Father before all ages, that is, from the being of the Father, Light from Light, true God from true God, begotten, not made, one in being with the Father, through whom all things were made, those in the heavens and those on earth. For us men and for our salvation He came down from the heavens, and became flesh from the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary, and was made man. For our sake too He was crucified under Pontius Pilate, suffered and was buried. On the third day He rose again according to the Scriptures. He ascended to the heavens and is seated at the right hand of the Father. He shall come again in glory to judge the living and the dead; to His Kingdom there will be no end. And in the Holy Spirit, the Lord and Giver of life, who proceeds from the Father, who together with the Father and the Son is worshipped and glorified, who has spoken through the prophets. (And) in one Holy, Catholic and apostolic Church. We acknowledge one baptism for the forgiveness of sins. We expect the resurrection of the dead and the life of the world to come. Amen.
As for those who say: "There was a time when He was not", and "Before being begotten He was not", or who declare that He was made from nothing, or that the Son of God is from a different substance or being, or subject to change and alteration, such persons the Catholic and apostolic Church condemns.
SYMBOL OF THE FIRST GENERAL COUNCIL OF CONSTANTINOPLE
(381 AD)
We believe in one God, the Father almighty, maker of heaven and earth, of all things visible and invisible. And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God, generated from the Father before all ages, Light from Light, true God from true God, begotten, not made, one in being with the Father, through whom all things were made. For us men and for our salvation He came down from the heavens, and became flesh from the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary and was made man. For our sake too He was crucified under Pontius Pilate, suffered and was buried. On the third day He rose again according to the Scriptures, He ascended to the heavens and is seated at the right hand of the Father. He shall come again in glory to judge the living and the dead; to His Kingdom there will be no end.
And in the Holy Spirit, the Lord and Giver of life, who proceeds from the Father,' who together with the Father and the Son is worshipped and glorified, who has spoken through the prophets. (And) in one Holy Catholic and apostolic Church. We acknowledge one baptism for the forgiveness of sins. We expect the resurrection of the dead and the life of the world to come. Amen..
THE "FAITH OF DAMASUS"
(5th CENTURY)
We believe in one God, the Father almighty, and in our one Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, and in [one] Holy Spirit, God. We do not worship and confess three Gods, but one God who is Father and Son and Holy Spirit. He is one God, yet not solitary; He is not at the same time Father to Himself and Son, but the Father is He who begets and the Son He who is begotten. As for the Holy Spirit, He is neither begotten nor unbegotten (ingenious), neither created nor made, but He proceeds from the Father and the Son, being equally eternal and fully equal with the Father and the Son and cooperating with them; for it is written: "By the Word of the Lord the heavens were made", that is, by the Son of God, "and all their host by the breath of His mouth"; and elsewhere: "When you send forth your Spirit, they are created, and you renew the face of the earth". Therefore, in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit we confess one God, for the term 'God' refers to power, not to personal characteristics. The proper name for the Father is Father, and the proper name for the Son is Son, and the proper name for the Holy Spirit is Holy Spirit. And in this Trinity we believe that God (is) one because what is of one nature and of one substance and of one power with the Father is from one Father. The Father begets the Son, not by an act of will, nor out of necessity, but by nature. In the last times, the Son, who never ceased to be with the Father, came down from the Father to save us and to fulfil the Scriptures. He was conceived from the Holy Spirit and born of the Virgin Mary. He assumed body, soul and sensibility, that is, a complete human nature. He did not lose what He was, but began to be what He was not, in such a way, however, that He is perfect in His own nature and truly shares in ours. For, He who was God has been born as a man, and He who has been born as a man acts as God; and He who acts as God dies as man, and He who dies as man rises again as God. Having conquered the power of death with that body with which He had been born and had suffered and died, He rose again on the third day; He ascended to the Father and is seated at His right hand in the glory which He always has had and always has. We believe that we who have been cleansed in His death and in His blood shall be raised up by Him on the last day in this body in which we now live. It is our hope that we shall receive from Him eternal life, the reward of good merit, or else (we shall receive) the penalty of eternal punishment for sins. Read these words, keep them, subject your soul to this faith. From Christ the Lord you will receive both life and reward.
THE PSEUDO-ATHANASIAN SYMBOL QUICUMQUE
(END OF THE 5th CENTURY AD)
Whoever wishes to be saved must, first of all, hold the Catholic faith, for, unless he keeps it whole and inviolate, he will undoubtedly perish for ever. Now this is the Catholic faith: We worship one God in the Trinity and the Trinity in unity, without either confusing the persons or dividing the substance; for the person of the Father is one, the Son's is another, the Holy Spirit's another; but the Godhead of Father, Son and Holy Spirit is one, their glory equal, their majesty equally eternal. Such as the Father is, such is the Son, such also the Holy Spirit; uncreated is the Father, uncreated the Son, uncreated the Holy Spirit; infinite is the Father, infinite the Son, infinite the Holy Spirit; eternal is the Father, eternal the Son, eternal the Holy Spirit; yet, they are not three eternal beings but one eternal, just as they are not three uncreated beings or three infinite beings but one uncreated and one infinite. In the same way, almighty is the Father, almighty the Son, almighty the Holy Spirit; yet, they are not three almighty beings but one almighty. Thus, the Father is God, the Son is God, the Holy Spirit is God; yet, they are not three gods but one God. Thus, the Father is Lord, the Son is Lord, the Holy Spirit is Lord; yet, they are not three lords but one Lord. For, as the Christian truth compels us to acknowledge each person distinctly as God and Lord, so too the Catholic religion forbids us to speak of three gods or lords. The Father has neither been made by anyone, nor is He created or begotten; the Son is from the Father alone, not made nor created but begotten; the Holy Spirit is from the Father and the Son, not made nor created nor begotten, but proceeding. So there is one Father, not three Fathers; one Son, not three Sons; one Holy Spirit, not three Holy Spirits. And in this Trinity there is no before or after, no greater or lesser, but all three persons are equally eternal with each other and fully equal. Thus, in all things, as has already been stated above, both unity in the Trinity and Trinity in the unity must be worshipped. Let him therefore who wishes to be saved think this of the Trinity. For his eternal salvation it is necessary, however that he should also faithfully believe in the incarnation of our Lord Jesus Christ. Here then is the right faith: We believe and confess that our Lord Jesus Christ, the Son of God, is both and equally God and man. He is God from the substance of the Father, begotten before the ages, and He is man from the substance of a mother, born in time; perfect God and perfect man, composed of a rational soul and a human body; equal to the Father as to His divinity, less than the Father as to His humanity. Although He is God and man, He is nevertheless one Christ, not two; however, not one because the divinity has been changed into a human body, but because the humanity has been assumed into God; entirely one, not by a confusion of substance but by the unity of personhood. For, as a rational soul and a body are a single man, so God and man are one Christ. He suffered for our salvation, went down to the underworld, rose again from the dead on the third day, ascended to the heavens, is seated at the right hand of the Father, wherefrom He shall come to judge the living and the dead. At His coming all men are to rise again with their bodies and to render an account of their own deeds; those who have done good will go to eternal life, but those who have done evil to eternal fire. This is the Catholic faith. Unless one believes it faithfully and firmly, he cannot be saved.
THE SYMBOL OF THE ROMAN ORDER OF BAPTISM
(PRE 10th CENTURY AD)
1 believe in God, the Father almighty, creator of heaven and earth. And in Jesus Christ, His only Son, our Lord, who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died and was buried; He went down to the dead. On the third day He rose again from the dead. He ascended to the heavens, and is seated at the right hand of God, the Father almighty, wherefrom He shall come again to judge the living and the dead. 1 believe in the Holy Spirit, the Holy Catholic Church, the communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting.
SYMBOL OF THE FOURTH LATERAN GENERAL COUNCIL
(1215 AD)
We firmly believe and confess without reservation that there is only one true God, eternal, infinite and unchangeable, incomprehensible, almighty and ineffable, the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit; three persons indeed but one essence, substance or nature entirely simple. The Father is from no one, the Son from the Father only, and the Holy Spirit equally from both. Without beginning, always and without end, the Father begets, the Son is born and the Holy Spirit proceeds. They are of the same substance and fully equal, equally almighty and equally eternal. (They are) the one principle of the universe, the creator of all things, visible and invisible, spiritual and corporeal, who by His almighty power from the beginning of time made at once out of nothing both orders of creatures, the spiritual and the corporeal, that is, the angelic and the earthly, and then the human creature, who as it were shares in both orders, being composed of spirit and body. For the devil and the other demons were indeed created by God naturally good, but they became evil by their own doing. As for man, he sinned at the suggestion of the devil. This Holy Trinity, undivided according to its common essence and distinct according to the proper characteristics of the persons, communicated the doctrine of salvation to the human race, first through Moses, the holy prophets and its other servants, according to a well ordered disposition of times.
Finally, the only-begotten Son of God, Jesus Christ, whose incarnation is the common work of the whole Trinity, conceived from Mary ever Virgin .with the cooperation of the Holy Spirit, made true man, composed of a rational soul and a human body, one person in two natures, showed the way of life more clearly. Though immortal and impassible according to His divinity, He, the very same, became passible and mortal according to His humanity. He also suffered and died on the wood of the cross for the salvation of the human race; He went down to the underworld, rose again from the dead and ascended into heaven; but He went down in the soul, rose again in the body and ascended equally in both. He shall come at the end of time to judge the living and the dead and to render to each one according to his works, to the reprobate as well as to the elect. All of them will rise again with their own bodies which they now bear, to receive according to their works, whether these have been good or evil, the ones perpetual punishment with the devil and the others everlasting glory with Christ.
There is indeed one universal Church of the faithful outside which no one at all is saved, and in which the priest himself, Jesus Christ, is also the sacrifice. His body and blood are truly contained in the sacrament of the altar under the appearances of bread and wine, the bread being transubstantiated into the body by the divine power and the wine into the blood, to the effect that we receive from what is His in what He has received from what is ours in order that the mystery of unity may be accomplished. Indeed, no one can perform this sacrament, except the priest duly ordained according to (the power of) the keys of the Church, which Jesus Christ Himself conceded to the apostles and their successors. The sacrament of baptism (which is celebrated in water at the invocation of God and of the undivided Trinity, viz. the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit) conduces to the salvation of children as well as of adults when duly conferred by anyone according to the Church's form. If, after receiving baptism, anyone shall have lapsed into sin, he can always be restored through true penance. Not only virgins and the continent, but also married persons, by pleasing God through right faith and good work, merit to attain to eternal happiness.
THE SECOND GENERAL COUNCIL OF LYONS
"PROFESSION OF FAITH OF MICHAEL PALAEOLOGUS"
(1274 AD)
First Part
We believe in the Holy Trinity, Father, Son and Holy Spirit, one almighty God; and that in the Trinity the whole Godhead is the same essence, the same substance, equally eternal and equally almighty, of one will, one power and majesty. (This Trinity is) the creator of all things created, from whom, in whom, by whom all things exist in heaven and on earth, the visible and the invisible, the corporeal and the spiritual. We believe that each single person in the Trinity is the one true God, fully and perfectly.
We believe in the Son of God, Word of God, eternally born from the Father, of the same substance, equally almighty and in all things equal to the Father in divinity; born in time, from the Holy Spirit and from Mary ever Virgin, with a rational soul. He has two births, one an eternal birth from the Father, the other a temporal birth from a mother. He is true God and true man, real and perfect in both natures; neither an adoptive son nor an apparent son, but the one and only Son of God, in and from two natures, that is, the divine and the human, in the unity of one person. He is impassible and immortal in His divinity, but in His humanity He suffered for us and for our salvation a true bodily passion; He died, was buried, went down to the dead, and on the third day rose again from the dead by a true bodily resurrection. Forty days after His resurrection He ascended into heaven with His risen body and His soul; He is seated at the right hand of God the Father, wherefrom He shall come to judge the living and the dead and to render to each one according to his works, whether these have been good or evil.
We believe also in the Holy Spirit, fully, perfectly and truly God, proceeding from the Father and the Son, fully equal, of the same substance, equally almighty and equally eternal with the Father and the Son in all things. We believe that this Holy Trinity is not three gods but one only God, almighty, eternal, invisible and immutable.
We believe that the Holy Catholic and apostolic Church is the one true Church, in which are given one holy baptism and the true forgiveness of all sins.
We believe also in the true resurrection of this body which we now bear, and in the life eternal. We believe also that God, the Lord almighty, is the one author of the New Testament and the Old, of the Law, the Prophets and the Apostles.
Such is the true Catholic faith, which in the above mentioned articles the most Holy Roman Church holds and preaches.
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